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After Bitcoin Core 0.14.0 and before Bitcoin Core 29.0, validating a specially-crafted block may cause the node to access previously freed memory.
During validation, necessary data required for checking inputs for each transaction is pre-calculated and cached. For specially crafted invalid blocks, it was possible for this data to be destroyed while it was still being accessed by a background validation thread. An attacker capable of mining a block with sufficient proof-of-work could have exploited this to crash victim nodes. Because of the nature of use-after-free bugs, it is possible that the crash could have been used for remote code execution, though constraints on the input (block) data make this unlikely.
This issue is considered High severity.

Details
By default, script validation for new blocks is dispatched to background threads via a vector of CScriptCheck functors. Each CScriptCheck holds a pointer to a PrecomputedTransactionData object which stores some data needed by each input in the transaction. Because it stores a pointer and not the data itself, care must be taken to ensure that the PrecomputedTransactionData outlives the CScriptCheck.
The script checks lifetime is enforced by an RAII class, CCheckQueueControl. However, the control is intantiated before the precomputed transaction data. Because local objects in C++ are destructed in reverse order of construction, this means the vector of PrecomputedTransactionData is destroyed before the CCheckQueueControl.
This is not an issue when the block is valid, as CCheckQueueControl::Wait() will be called before the function returns and the PrecomputedTransactionData gets destroyed. However, in case of an early return (when a separate check fails) a background script thread may read the precomputed transaction data after it was destroyed. An attacker could exploit this to crash victim nodes at the expense of a valid PoW at tip.

Attribution
Cory Fields (MIT DCI) discovered this vulnerability and responsibly disclosed it in a detailed report containing a proof of concept for reproduction and a proposed mitigation.

Timeline
- 2024-11-02 Cory Fields privately reports the bug
- 2024-11-06 Pieter Wuille pushes a covert fix to already open PR #31112 which works around the issue by removing the early returns
- 2024-12-03 PR #31112 is merged
- 2025-04-12 Bitcoin Core version 29.0 is released with a fix
- 2026-04-19 The last vulnerable Bitcoin Core version (28.x) goes end of life
- 2026-05-05 Public disclosure.

dog - 11:02:46 up 245 days, 19:34, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00

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[CVE-2025-71147] [Modified: 26-02-2026] [Analyzed] [V3.1 S5.5:MEDIUM] In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KEYS: trusted: Fix a memory leak in tpm2_load_cmd 'tpm2_load_cmd' allocates a tempoary blob indirectly via 'tpm2_key_decode' but it is not freed in the failure paths. Address this by wrapping the blob into with a cleanup helper.

[CVE-2025-71148] [Modified: 26-02-2026] [Analyzed] [V3.1 S3.3:LOW] In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/handshake: restore destructor on submit failure handshake_req_submit() replaces sk->sk_destruct but never restores it when submission fails before the request is hashed. handshake_sk_destruct() then returns early and the original destructor never runs, leaking the socket. Restore sk_destruct on the error path.

[CVE-2025-71151] [Modified: 26-02-2026] [Analyzed] [V3.1 S5.5:MEDIUM] In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cifs: Fix memory and information leak in smb3_reconfigure() In smb3_reconfigure(), if smb3_sync_session_ctx_passwords() fails, the function returns immediately without freeing and erasing the newly allocated new_password and new_password2. This causes both a memory leak and a potential information leak. Fix this by calling kfree_sensitive() on both password buffers before returning in this error case.

[CVE-2025-71153] [Modified: 26-02-2026] [Analyzed] [V3.1 S5.5:MEDIUM] In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: Fix memory leak in get_file_all_info() In get_file_all_info(), if vfs_getattr() fails, the function returns immediately without freeing the allocated filename, leading to a memory leak. Fix this by freeing the filename before returning in this error case.

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[CVE-2025-71155] [Modified: 26-02-2026] [Analyzed] [V3.1 S7.8:HIGH] In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: s390: Fix gmap_helper_zap_one_page() again A few checks were missing in gmap_helper_zap_one_page(), which can lead to memory corruption in the guest under specific circumstances. Add the missing checks.

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[CVE-2025-71159] [Modified: 26-02-2026] [Analyzed] [V3.1 S7.8:HIGH] In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix use-after-free warning in btrfs_get_or_create_delayed_node() Previously, btrfs_get_or_create_delayed_node() set the delayed_node's refcount before acquiring the root->delayed_nodes lock. Commit e8513c012de7 ("btrfs: implement ref_tracker for delayed_nodes") moved refcount_set inside the critical section, which means there is no longer a memory barrier between setting the refcount and setting btrfs_inode->delayed_node. Without that barrier, the stores to node->refs and btrfs_inode->delayed_node may become visible out of order. Another thread can then read btrfs_inode->delayed_node and attempt to increment a refcount that hasn't been set yet, leading to a refcounting bug and a use-after-free warning. The fix is to move refcount_set back to where it was to take advantage of the implicit memory barrier provided by lock acquisition. Because the allocations now happen outside of the lock's critical section, they can use GFP_NOFS instead of GFP_ATOMIC.

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